▼ back umlaut is the vowel change in the past tense of some weak verbs burn (- burned )
• Return Umlaut: by assimilation of the other weak verbs, the return umlaut is omitted
• ablaut : all Germanic languages \u200b\u200btogether: going sound change in past tense and past participle of strong verbs (- went - gone)
• Mixed verbs: run, think, , call
• many verbs was the weak verbs dominate
• Education based education is a own booth
by feudal system to a caste society
by formation one standing win
• much is German , but also many Latin - are weak words
• in 1519 only 10% of all books in German
• 1770 still 14% in Latin
▼ born Sebastian Brant
• 1458-1521 died
• son of an artisan
• Strasbourg
studies • City Clerk Basel •
then call back nach Strassburg
• Jurist
▼ Das Narrenschiff
• 1494 entstanden (2 Jahre nach der Entdeckung Amerikas); aber vermutlich kein Bezug zu Kolumbus
• erster europäischer Bestseller
• viele Holzschnitte (viele von Dürer )
Dürer war auf Reisen und hat nur kurz in Basel geholfen
• erste Übersetzung ins Latein; dann in andere Sprachen
▼ viele Mittelalterliche Motive, die das Werk mit dem Mittelalter verbinden
• Konfrontation mit dem Tod
• Selbstbesinnung
• Glauben in God
• to travel without a goal against the
• Borrow money from Jews
• against the Turks (against all the fools Because foreign); against everything that is different
• German literature after Latin model (syntax)
• written in the Alsatian dialect, • many dialect expressions (Alemannisch)
▼ Ship of Fools
the fool is found anywhere
• he does not consider the virtue mirror but the fools mirror vor
• war Brant konservativ? Bezieht er sich in das Narrenspiel mit ein?
▼ Holzschnitte im Narrenschiff
• sehr aufwändig
• anschaulich und aussagekräftig
• Bilder mit vielen Symbolen (Symbole nötig zur Kommunikation, da viele nicht lesen konnten) ABER: Kontext heute oft vergessen
• Verbildlichung des Textes für die Analphabeten
• Bilder waren nur sehr sehr selten zu finden, v.a. in Klöstern
▼ Lesen
• einfache, spielerische Sprache
▼ Preface of the Ship of Fools
• the world has degenerated, the fools are everywhere , the Bible is no longer respected, the world sinks into a dark night
• who will have to go in the boat? •
many fools rush onto the ship and everyone wants to be the captain
• "I've added pictures, for those who can not read"
• I have called it fools the mirror, and everyone should know himself
▼ Z. 85 and following what he says about himself? • Humble
- "I hope the reader more sense than me and my feeble poem"
• There are also many fools "they also get a dunce cap," says
▼ What is the prologue? •
are all fools / it is human to be a fool to
• he can recognize fools, only fools fool can see he is
▼ himself a fool? problematic discussion
• "even as I sit forward in the ship" Section 1
• normal as he does not say "I"
• deciding who is a fool, overbearing, arrogant
• he is a fool, but recognizes the error
• jester : inviolable, could Critics say, were smart, played the fool
we all mad
• • possibly a tool the people have to be kept down?
• ▼ Chapter 1
he sits in front of the ship
• he has many books, but she has not read
• Ptolemy has all the books in the world
• "who is much studied a dreamer"
• he has dog ears, but they are hidden: even an educated man can be a fool And the author is a fool, and the reader feel not be personally attacked because He is one of them is
▼ modern the text of Ackermann?
• Ackermann (1401) is older but modern language
• Narrenschiff (1495) were younger but older language ; see monophthongization / diphthongisation (wibern of the evil ")
• language change happens very different
